Selenium with Chromium Hosted on Docker for Apple Silicon: A Step-by-Step Guide

Setting Up Docker on Apple Silicon

Before we install Selenium, we need to get Docker up and running on our Apple Silicon machine. Follow these steps:

1. Download and install Docker Desktop for Mac from the official Docker website.
2. Launch Docker Desktop and wait for it to initialize.
3. Verify that Docker is running by opening a terminal and typing docker --version.

Creating a Docker Image for Selenium with Chromium

Next, we’ll create a Docker image that includes Selenium with Chromium. We’ll use a Dockerfile to define the image:

FROM ubuntu:20.04

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    unzip \
    curl \
    libfontconfig1 \
    libgconf2-4 \
    libasound2 \
    libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0

# Install Chromium
RUN curl https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+archive/refs/heads/main.zip?format=GZIP | tar -xvf - -C /usr/local
ENV CHROMIUM_EXECUTABLE /usr/local/chromium/src/out/Default/chrome

# Install Selenium
RUN curl https://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/4.0/selenium-server-standalone-4.0.0.jar > /opt/selenium-server-standalone.jar
ENV SELENIUM_SERVER_STANDALONE /opt/selenium-server-standalone.jar

# Set environment variables
ENV SELENIUM_BROWSER chromedriver
ENV SELENIUM_VERSION 4.0.0
ENV SELENIUMGridViewER_PORT 4444

# Expose port for Selenium Grid
EXPOSE 4444

# Run Selenium Grid when container starts
CMD ["java", "-jar", "/opt/selenium-server-standalone.jar", "-role", "hub", "-hubConfig", "/opt/hub.json"]

Save this Dockerfile as selenium-chromium.dockerfile in a new directory.

Building the Docker Image

Now, let’s build the Docker image using the Dockerfile:

docker build -t selenium-chromium:latest .

Running the Docker Container

With the image built, we can run the Docker container:

docker run -d --name selenium-chromium \
    -p 4444:4444 \
    selenium-chromium:latest

This command starts a new container from the selenium-chromium:latest image, maps port 4444 on the host machine to port 4444 in the container, and names the container selenium-chromium.

Verifying Selenium with Chromium

To verify that Selenium with Chromium is working correctly, we’ll use a simple Python script:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")

driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
    options=options
)

driver.get("https://www.google.com")
print(driver.title)
driver.quit()

Save this script as test_selenium.py and run it using Python:

python test_selenium.py

If everything is set up correctly, you should see the title of the Google homepage printed in the terminal.

Scaling Your Selenium Grid

Now that we have a working Selenium setup with Chromium on Docker, let’s scale our grid to run multiple tests in parallel:

docker run -d --name selenium-chromium-node1 \
    -p 5555:5555 \
    selenium-chromium:latest

docker run -d --name selenium-chromium-node2 \
    -p 6666:6666 \
    selenium-chromium:latest

This creates two new containers, selenium-chromium-node1 and selenium-chromium-node2, each exposing a different port.

Update your Python script to use the new nodes:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")

# Node 1
driver1 = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:5555/wd/hub",
    options=options
)

driver1.get("https://www.google.com")
print(driver1.title)
driver1.quit()

# Node 2
driver2 = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:6666/wd/hub",
    options=options
)

driver2.get("https://www.bing.com")
print(driver2.title)
driver2.quit()

Run the script again to see the titles of both Google and Bing printed in the terminal.

Conclusion

In this article, we’ve demonstrated how to set up Selenium with Chromium hosted on Docker for Apple Silicon. With this powerful combination, you can automate web browsers with ease, taking advantage of Docker’s portability, isolation, and scalability features.

Whether you’re a developer, tester, or QA engineer, Selenium with Chromium on Docker is an unbeatable combination for automating web browsers. So why wait? Start building your Selenium grid today and take your automation game to the next level!

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